Tag: Yumiko Nogawa

A woman still unmarried at the comparatively late age of 30 begins to go out of her mind while on a hellish descent into vice and crime in Ko Nakahira’s darkly comic satire, The Passionate Spinster (結婚相談, Kekkon Sodan). Shimako (Izumi Ashikawa) begins to feel as if her existence has no value as a single woman who has already aged out of the arranged marriage market, pressured by her family members to settle down and with seemingly no possibility of supporting herself as an independent woman almost as if such a thing could not exist even in the more enlightened world of 1965.

Shimako’s age is her primary problem. We often see her using some kind anti-aging device on her face and reapplying her makeup but as others reveal men in search of marriage are looking for women in their early 20s as is soon confirmed to her when she decides to visit a matchmaking agency after attending the wedding of a close friend, Mikiko (Michiyo Yokoyama), at which she is made to feel like something of an embarrassment giggled at by her younger coworkers who regard her with thinly concealed pity. As a voiceover explains, far more women sign up to matchmaking agencies than men while the age range is typically late 20s. Men’s only condition is that the woman be young, while women are mainly concerned with a man’s height and educational background. Shimako is not particularly picky and simply lists that she’d prefer a man of over 170cm in height, under 35 years old, and a university graduate but despite the beauty with which she is often credited she soon discovers that being over 30 is a deal breaker for most. 

The first man she meets remarks to the matchmaker that she looks “young” for her age and then inappropriately adds that she must be virgin, but eventually decides to marry a 24-year-old woman introduced by his boss. The second, a farmer with an interest in electronics, makes her an offer but is quickly vetoed by his family who feel that there must simply be something wrong with a woman who remains unmarried at 30. The last man the matchmaker, Tonobe (Sadako Sawamura), suggests is a 50-year-old widower named Hidaka (Tatsuo Matsushita) whom Shimako only considers out of desperation but later warms to uncomfortably because he reminds her of the father she lost in the war. Hidaka tells he that once they marry he will be a “father” to her too while taking this as a firm promise Shimako ends up sleeping with him to seal the deal. 

It’s with this that she damns herself, driven into a near nervous breakdown on realising that Hidaka may have been just another married man using a dating agency for extramarital sex. Then again, she’s told this by Tonobe who as it turns out, despite her frequent claims of being “not a yakuza” and concern for her agency’s reputation fearing she will be accused of running an illicit sex ring, is actually doing exactly that. Shimako accepted money from Hidaka and in so doing could be taken for a sex worker. Reminding her that sex work is against the law, Tonobe essentially blackmails Shimako into quitting her office job to work for the agency full time as a call girl, “protected” and “observed” by her two goons one of whom the agency’s other girl, Asako (Michiko Sasamori), suggests is actually Tonobe’s husband. 

In another kind of film, Shimako’s new line of work may have proved liberating, freeing her from the patriarchal ideals surrounding marriage, but it’s true enough that she falls into in a dangerous underworld as a virtual slave of the increasingly monstrous Tonobe whose demonic laughter begins to ring in Shimako’s ears along with all the criticism she’s received from men so far regarding her age. She seeks romantic escape after bumping into office lothario Takabayashi (Masaya Takahashi) who ironically asks her to pose as his fiancée to help him get rid of a problematic bar hostess who’s latched on to him. He promises to marry her too, only it soon transpires that he has massive debts and has been embezzling money from the company which he fears will soon be discovered because of an unexpected merger. Just as Hidaka had offered to become her father, Takabayashi likens her to his mother adding that he was never breast fed. 

With somewhat incestuous overturns, the lines between to blur between the ideals of wife and motherhood as Shimako becomes in effect responsible for a failed man pledging that she will use her body to pay off the debt that Takabayashi owes so that he won’t be prosecuted while believing that he will actually marry her. But her body belongs to Tonobe who reminds her that though she doesn’t care who she marries (an odd comment considering how they met) uncompensated romance is against the rules and she must now be punished in being sent to a further level of hell in essentially being offered up to an ogre in a remote Western-style mansion. Taking on gothic overtones, Shimako unexpectedly finds a kind of fulfilment while essentially embodying maternity in fulfilling the oedipal desires of a young man apparently driven mad who immediately tells her that avatars of his mother have appeared in this place before ominously adding that he has killed all the “fake” ones. Shimako later tells his sympathetic mother that her son was the best of the men she’s met while doing this kind of work and the first she’s slept with whose feelings were pure. 

Through this expressionist sequence which takes place during a gothic, violent storm surrounded by pictures of the Madonna, Shimako undergoes the first of her rebirths in effect giving birth to herself as a woman no longer quite so concerned with the necessity of being married though the film strongly implies she soon maybe. Her maternity is later reconfirmed when she unexpectedly reunites with her former boss, possibly the only “good” man seen in the film in having embraced his own paternity while caring for a wife with a longterm illness and raising his two children. His wife having died, when Shimako meets him again it’s almost as if she were meeting her own father in the memory she described to Hidaka though he is much closer to her in age while also unlikely to have any strong feelings either way regarding either her being over 30 or the scandals surrounding everything that happened to her after quitting the company. 

The film may suggest that it’s partly Shimako who is “old-fashioned”, something she later accuses her mother of being once she discovers that Shimako has been engaging in a sexual relationship with Takabayashi on only the promise of marriage, in contrasting her with the slightly younger Sakata (Kaoru Hama) who scoffs that she wants to put off her (already confirmed) marriage because she’s only 23 and wants to have a little fun first later seen in a nightclub with a gang of rough-looking guys who nearly cart off a near comatose Shimako, but then stops short of actually critiquing the institution of marriage only suggesting that Shimako’s intense anxiety was misplaced because the right man would have come along eventually. It may expose the matchmaking agency for what is really is and in its way fight back against the archaism of the arranged marriage along with the patriarchal social system and its intrinsic ageism but leans towards the view that a woman’s value lies in maternity in positioning Shimako to become a stepmother rather than simply a wife. Nakahira shoots with a noirish intensity before descending into a gothic eeriness in the demonic laughter of the incredibly sleazy Tonobe and creepiness of the mansion even if what Shimako discovers there is perversely a kind of purity that finally allows her to reclaim an image of herself as a pure woman even in the depths of her degradation.